Idealism in Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes Essay

Optimism in Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes   â â â In the sonnet Let America Be America Again, Langston Hughes portrays a discouraged America in the 1930's. To many living in America, the vision introduced as the American Dream had gotten away from their grip. In this lovely articulation, a speaker is permitted to voice the overlooked Americans' anxiety of how America was expected to be, had become to them, and could try to be once more.  Utilizing a conversational style, the creator permits the speaker and audience to cooperate with one another. The issue tended to is that America isn't the just perfect of the entirety of its kin. The first speaker starts in a genuinely normal quatrain verse; be that as it may, when the audience is permitted to react, the refrains become sporadic showing the enthusiasm felt just as the earnestness of the message. The audience's reaction contains the primary thought of the piece, contrasting the majority rule perfect with the states of the individuals who are casualties as a result of race, age, or monetary status. The creator's cautious utilization of similar sounding word usage in expressions, for example, pushed separated (19) and bondage's scars (20) stresses the battles and estrangement experienced by less blessed Americans.  The speaker starts the portrayal by saying something that America should come back to the hopeful way it used to be: Let it be the fantasy it used to be (2). At that point the storyteller keeps on relating nostalgically the aching for an America based on opportunity and correspondence for all. This could be simply the fantasy of the creator. Wagner conditions of the creator, Similar to his first experts Whitman and Sandburg, similar to his individual dark Toomer, and like such a significant number of other American writers of the period, Lan... ...tion in Depression (Ramperstad 371). Remarking on this sonnet and its creator, Langston Hughes, Ramperstad watches, Maybe his best sonnet of the thirties consolidated his will to transformation with his Whitman-like wistfulness for an evaporating America. Hughes gives us a more extravagant knowledge of American optimism, American authenticity, and what, America will be! (73).  Works Cited Hughes, Langston. Leave America Alone America Again. _Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing_. fourth ed. Eds. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1995. 723-24. Rampersad, Arnold. Langston Hughes. _Voices and Visions: the Poet in America_. Ed. Helen Vendler. New York: Random House, 1987. 352-93. Wagner, Jean. Langston Hughes. _Black Poets of the United States_. Trans. Kenneth Douglas. Chicago: U of Illinois P, 1973, 385-474. Â

Philosophy Argumentative Essay Topics

Philosophy Argumentative Essay TopicsIf you are trying to find ways to make your philosophy argumentative essay topics stand out from the crowd, then you might find some inspiration from the topic of Michael Oakeshott's work. Oakeshott's work is one of the most important writings in the world of critical essay writing and the subject of his masterwork (and the reason it is often referred to as the 'Oakeshott'). You might be familiar with the book's title and be interested in learning how this work can help you succeed in essay writing.When you read the book you will see that the topics are not always philosophy arguments. They can also be philosophical discussions on history and politics. When you compare these topics to the philosophical essay topics of today, you might find it interesting to see how a larger number of different topics were included and how those topics vary. You might also find yourself wondering why you should even consider writing a philosophical essay topic.The use of the term 'composition' refers to the term used by Michael Oakeshott to describe the work of a philosopher in a written work. Oakeshott described this composition as the philosophical work itself and considered it to be the most important philosophical work.In today's world, essay topics and compositions focus on many different topics within philosophy. The topics for writing are the same but the writers have different ways of presenting the topics. When you read Oakeshott's definition of composition, you will find that he also considers the composition of a philosopher to be the most important philosophical work.Why is it that essays with topics from different areas of philosophy are compared to the topics that compose a philosopher? It is because it makes the purpose of an essay clear. For the writer to be able to discuss the topics and compose the philosophical work, it is important to know what the purpose of the composition is.How do you get a new topic? Once you have a g ood idea of what you want to write about, look to see if there is already a related essay out there. Look for essay topics that focus on the same areas as yours but that don't seem to be quite what you are looking for. Then find what you think you need to get your topic and write that.While you are writing and thinking about your new topics, you might also consider who the audience is. What are the different groups you are working with? Who are they and how do they relate to you and your topic? When you compare these areas to the philosophical areas you are working with today, you might find it interesting to see how a larger number of different topics were included and how those topics vary.When you compare the essay topics that are included today with the topics that composed philosophy, you might also find it interesting to see how the nature of the topics has changed. Oakeshott noted that essays focus on much more than just philosophy. He believed that it was important to includ e philosophy in the body of the essay to make it not only interesting but to also make it clear and precise. This is why the introduction is so important and why he included the term composition in his definition of the philosophy argumentative essay topics.

Vicodin Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment

Vicodin Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print How Long Does Withdrawal From Vicodin Last? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 29, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 05, 2019 Tara Moore  / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Signs & Symptoms Coping & Relief Warnings Long-Term Treatment View All Back To Top Vicodin is a prescription opioid pain reliever that is made of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. It is often used to treat moderate to severe pain, but it does have the potential for dependence and addiction.  Vicodin withdrawal can produce a wide range of physical symptoms which can occur when someone stops or dramatically reduces their use of the drug after heavy or prolonged use. Overview Since it is an opiate-based drug, Vicodin withdrawal is similar to withdrawing from heroin, morphine, methadone, or codeine. Anyone can experience withdrawal symptoms if they have taken Vicodin over a period of time, usually several weeks or more. Although the symptoms vary by person, most people experience some withdrawal discomfort when they attempt to quit or cut down. Even patients who took Vicodin exactly as prescribed for pain while recovering from injury or surgery can experience withdrawal. When you quit taking Vicodin, you may experience feelings of irritability, anxiety, and mood swings. As your body withdraws from the drug, you may feel as if you have a cold or flu, with a stuffy or runny nose, fever, sweats, chills, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Hydrocodone, one of the main ingredients in Vicodin, is the most frequently prescribed opiate in the United States. What to Expect With Opioid Withdrawal Signs Symptoms When Vicodin is taken over a lengthy period of time, you can build up a tolerance to the medication. This means you have to take increasingly larger amounts to achieve the same effect. All drugs that are opiate-based can become habit-forming and cause physical dependence. Once you develop a Vicodin dependence, quitting or cutting back suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms. This is because your body needs time to adjust and recover. Depending on how much and for how long you have been taking Vicodin, the withdrawal symptoms can range from mild to very severe. Many patients who used the medication only therapeutically and as prescribed, sometimes do not even realize they are experiencing withdrawals. They report they are having flu-like symptoms.?? Early withdrawal symptoms include: AgitationAnxietyMuscle achesIncreased tearingInsomniaRunny noseSweatingYawning Later symptoms of Vicodin withdrawal include: Abdominal crampingDiarrheaDilated pupilsGoosebumpsNausea and vomiting How Long Does Vicodin Withdrawal Last? The length of the withdrawal process and the severity of the symptoms will vary from individual to individual. Withdrawal symptoms usually begin six to 30 hours after the last use of the drug. Most people get through the most uncomfortable symptoms within a few days or a week.If you find that your symptoms last longer than a week, you should seek medical attention. How Long Does Vicodin Remain in Your System? Coping Relief While Vicodin withdrawal can be unpleasant, there are things you can do to help relieve many of your symptoms. Drink plenty of water. Because Vicodin withdrawal can cause vomiting and diarrhea, you need to make sure you are taking in plenty of fluids to help prevent dehydration.Stay busy. Make sure you have activities that will help you take your mind off of your symptoms. Stock up on reading materials, find some TV shows or movies that you want to watch, or break out the video games to try to keep occupied.Control symptoms with OTC medications. You can relieve some of the withdrawal symptoms such as fever and diarrhea with the use of over-the-counter medications such as NSAIDs and antidiarrheals. Always use the correct dose when taking OTC medications and talk to your doctor if you experience any unusual side effects.?? You should seek medical help if your withdrawal symptoms become severe or if you begin to show signs of severe dehydration such as sunken eyes, disorientation, rapid breathing, or extreme thirst. Warnings There are complications that can be dangerous. If you vomit and then breathe in stomach contents into the lungs, aspiration can occur, which can cause lung infection or choking.?? If you experience vomiting and diarrhea, they can cause dehydration as well as chemical and mineral disturbances in your body. The biggest danger from detoxing from Vicodin and other pain medication takes place when someone decides to start taking the drug again. The withdrawal process reduces your tolerance for the drug, so if you return to taking Vicodin at the level you previously took it, you have a high risk of overdose. Most Vicodin overdose deaths happen for people who have recently gone through detox and withdrawal. Overdose can occur even at a much smaller dose than previously taken. Dont try to quit using Vicodin on your own after heavy or prolonged use. Get someone to stay with you during the withdrawal to support you and watch out for you during the process. Even better, contact your healthcare providers and tell them you want to detox from Vicodin. They can recommend one of several regimens used to help with the detoxification process. This can include the use of clonidine to reduce anxiety, agitation, muscle aches, sweating, runny nose, and cramping. They can also provide you with other medications for vomiting and diarrhea to make the process less uncomfortable. If you find that you cannot quit using Vicodin in spite of all your efforts to stop, you may want to seek a professional treatment program to help you with your dependence. Understanding Opioid Overdoses Long-Term Treatment Many people who have quit using Vicodin find that they need long-term support or treatment following withdrawal to stay off the drug, which can include support groups, pharmaceutical treatment, outpatient counseling, or intensive outpatient and even inpatient treatment programs. Resources If you need help quitting Vicodin or another opiate-based drug, discuss your options with your doctor. There are resources available that can help you get through the process and find the support you need to overcome Vicodin misuse. Professional care from health providers can help ensure that your withdrawal symptoms are carefully monitored, but you can also go through this process at home. Let your doctor know that you will be withdrawing so that you can talk about any medications that may be helpful for treating possible side effects.   Even if you withdraw at home, you should enlist the support and help of trusted loved ones, friends, or family. Make sure that someone checks in on you each day and dont be afraid to ask for help if you need it. You can also find emotional support and resources from support groups such as Narcotics Anonymous.   You can also call the SAMHSA toll-free national hotline at 1-800-662-4357 or use their online treatment locator to find treatment resources and mental health professionals in your area. A Word From Verywell Self-care, emotional support, and professional assistance can help you successfully get through the Vicodin withdrawal process. Once you have stopped using Vicodin, one of the biggest challenges may come down the road if you experience an acute injury or chronic condition that requires the use of pain relievers. Be sure to talk to your doctor about your past Vicodin use so that you can determine if opiate-based medications are appropriate for your pain control needs.

The Debate On Abortion And Abortion - 1063 Words

One of the most estranging moral and politically controversial issues in the United States is the stand on abortion. By definition an abortion is the termination of a pregnancy and the expulsion of pregnancy tissue, including embryo, fetus, placenta, and membranes (Wicclair, Gosman 2005). In the recent years the debate on abortion has shifted to a different viewpoint that has reopened the conversation of abortion and has generated a healthy following for abortion control. The premise of abortion control is to implement community outreach programs that will help reduce the number of abortions. I feel this would be a healthy compromise for the abortion debate, but many citizens are wholly against the idea of abortion being an option based of various personal beliefs they each hold. Anti-abortionist believe the most effective way to reduce abortions is to make it illegal. The other side of this coin are the people representing the stance for the legalization of abortion and Pro-Choice. Pro-Choice activists believe that women should have the right to make the final decision of whether an abortion is suited for their situation or not. What anti-abortionist’s seem to ignore is the large number of deaths resulting from women participating in unsafe abortion practices out of desperation. The running estimate totals over seventy thousand women each year falling victim to these malpractices with many of them sustaining lifelong injuries (xxx). Even with these consequences loomingShow MoreRelatedThe Debate On Abortion And Abortion1448 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion. This word leaves most people feeling uneasy after just saying it out loud. The discussion of abortion is continuously left open-ended with millions of opinions, arguments, and questions. Abortions occur every single day leaving potential fathers devastated or thrilled, leaving friends and families broken and distraught or in contrast, proud. More importantly, leaving the potential mother uncertain and e ven destroyed. But with abortion in mind, what is considered wrong and what is consideredRead MoreThe Debate On Abortion And Abortion1490 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial issues floating around conversation. One that always catches my ear is the debate on abortion. Growing up in a republican household, and catholic for that matter, it was obvious that â€Å"pro-life† would be imprinted into my head. My whole family, not just my parents, are against abortion. Also going to church every Sunday and learning what my religion thought was right and wrong influenced me to believe that abortion was killing a life. Since I grew up with this influence I subconsciously thoughtRead MoreThe Debate Over Abortion On Abortion Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical debate has existed in America, there has been a strong tension between the ideologies of conservatism and liberalism. While there are numerous differences between the two ideologies, the core of each is expressed clearly thro ugh the modern debate of abortion. The vision, ideals, and assumptions of each ideology can be identified through the way in which each ideology argues its position on abortion. The debate over abortion has been taking place since the 19th century. Abortions were legalRead MoreThe Debate About Abortion And Abortion1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe practice of abortion is an issue that has sparked controversy for many years. One of the initial problems that lead to the debate about abortion is the fact that, the definition of the term abortion varies from one field to another. The controversy arises because the language used to describe abortion â€Å"is a reflection of the societal beliefs of the people in that area† (McFarlane Meier 65). Generally, the World Health Organization defines abortion as induced or spontaneous termination of pregnancyRead MoreThe Abortion Debate2354 Words   |  10 PagesAdedayo Adeniyi November 13, 2008 Expository writing An abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus, resulting in or caused by its death. An abortion can occur spontaneously due to complications during pregnancy or can be induced. Abortion as a term most commonly refers to the induced abortion of a human pregnancy, while spontaneous abortions are usually termed miscarriages. Abortion has a long history and has been induced by various methodsRead MoreThe Debate Of Abortion And Abortion2390 Words   |  10 PagesThe subject of abortion is undeniably a difficult one to discuss. There are many different opinions and stances which could be taken, however, the question for Christians is just where they should stand on this matter. The issue is that if people (more specifically Christians) are not careful then they get caught up in the different stances, different questions, and different opinions. If this happens then they will not be able to make a firm standing against or fo r abortion while having facts toRead MoreThe Debate Over The Abortion Debate1097 Words   |  5 PagesIt is no surprise that the abortion debate has once again have brought into the mainstream focus this year. Yet, this time around the age old debate is now attacking organizations that offer such procedures, vilifying the entire organization for only one service it offers. This vilification has continuously gained momentum for ages, but it was the attack upon Planned Parenthood earlier this year that has brought the debate to head once again. Recently Pro-Life groups took up arms to destroy the organizationRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Debate874 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion There truly is not a more controversial or passionate debate as the one on abortion. This issue is completely unique due to the firm line between groups that support or are against it. Whichever side a person finds themselves on, usually for many reasons, it becomes a fierce and firm position that will not waiver. In this case I am glad that people are so passionate, a human life is at stake. This subject should bring great feelings and beliefs up. I would be completely sickened if abortionRead MoreThe Abortion Debate Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pages No matter where you stand on the issue, abortion is a highly debated topic in today’s society. In this essay I will examine both sides of the abortion issue. I will begin with a brief overview of the abortion debate, to include the morality of the situation. Next I will discuss the Pro-Life argument. Lastly I will look at the Pro-Choice view. In the final analysis I will show how utilitarianism, altruism, and situational ethical views apply to abortion. Having in mind the extreme controversy surroundingRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Debate888 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is a highly debated and controversial topic within the United States. Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy. When you have an abortion, you decimate the life of a fetus in the womb prior to delivery. There were 5,013 abortions in the state of Oklahoma alone in 2013. In the same year, there were approximately, collectively in the United States, 983,000 total abortions performed. In addition, there have been almost 60 million abortions performed in the United States since

Tardiness High School and Students - 3176 Words

1 Chapter I Tardiness * Introduction: â€Å"Every hour misspent is lost forever, and future years cannot compensate for lost days at this period of your life.†- Anonymous. Tardiness can be broadly defined as missing time over the course of a school day. Students showing signs of dullness and their disengagement from school is apparent in actions and words, observed some students come to school appearing exhausted and half asleep, complaining about how early school begins. They arrive late to school at all hours of the day and appear to have varying attitudes and stories for the attendance monitor regarding their repeated lateness. Many students are tardy because they had turned tardy to be a habit. A tardy†¦show more content†¦Information acquired and provided by students will be used to confirm or negate the feasible causes which were earlier stated. The result of the survey will then contribute insight in planning and drafting of the solutions in addressing the sai d problems being indentified that needs appropriate action. * Definition of Terms Late: After the usual or expected time; missing time over the course of a school day 6 Discipline Office: Its duties are to hear the students charge and recommend the necessary action to be taken. Punctuality: The characteristic of being able to complete a required task or fulfill an obligation before or at a previously designated time. Tardy/Tardiness: Being late for any measurable length of time past the stated or scheduled start time for work or school. Learning Disability: Decreased functioning in school despite the fact that the student is not mentally retarded or not emotionally disturbed. 7 Chapter II * Body * a. Tardiness A form of misconduct, quality of cominglate or later in time. Always andShow MoreRelatedTardiness: High School and Tardy Student2076 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ TARDINESS OF STUDENTS A Term Paper Presented to: Madam Joeyconsly L. Valeroso English – IV Instructor Tandag National Science High School In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in English – IV Presented by: DINESE APPLE JANE C. ARANAL TIRZAH HOPE T. MALIZA BABY JENN L. MORADO Acknowledgement The researchers would like to take this chance to express their gratitude to each one of the researchers’ family members for their support and considerate valued prayersRead MoreRelation of Tardiness to Performance of Students1681 Words   |  7 PagesRELATION OF TARDINESS TO PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS Researchers: III-Burbank INTRODUCTION Subject Manila Science High School is exceptionally known for students whomlive up to the school’s motto, â€Å"Sustaining the Tradition of Excellence.†Excellence should not only be reflected in academics but in following the rules and regulations as well. Tardiness is defined as the quality or habit of not adhering to a correct or usual or expected time. According to, Chrissy Scivicque,Read MoreGraduation Speech : School Tardiness1040 Words   |  5 Pages School Tardiness Darian Alonso Period 5 Ingalls Over the years there have been many changes in the education department. Such changes include lowering test requirements, some may include late work policies or other topics. Some may argue that there are other things that are more important, and some argue that certain things are not at our attention. Something that I have experienced myself, amongst many other students is the tardy policy that most if not all schools have. I believeRead MoreShould High School Attendance Be Voluntary?766 Words   |  4 Pages4B Research Paper 27 April 2015 Tardiness and Truancy High school is just a drag sometimes. Getting up early in the morning, having to get out of each one’s own comfortable bed, it’s just terrifying to even speak of. More and more students are being late and just not going to school. This is because high school becomes more of a chore to older students. Sitting in the same classroom, doing the same thing over and over just gets boring for some. You’ve been in school for twelve whole years strivingRead MorePositive Behavioral Intervention Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesdata at Nimitz High School provided around this time this last year, and compared it to its current numbers. While it showed beneficial changes last year, I found an increase in behavioral problems this year. I also attempted to look at the reasoning behind the increase in referral numbers. Keywords: P.B.I.S., Responsive Classroom, positive, behavior, reinforcement, Skinner’s theory Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (P.B.I.S.) is framework utilized within the school system in orderRead MoreArgument against open campus lunch policy1443 Words   |  6 PagesHouse, which was only two minutes away from their school, Loyal High School. When the students ordered their meal, Jennifer, pretending to be over twenty-one, used her sister s driver s license to get Japanese beer, or sake. Although the owner of the restaurant thought that Jennifer and her friends looked young, he suspected nothing. Believing that school hadn t ended yet and that Jennifer was over twenty-one, the owner then brought the eager students their food and sake. After many cups of that strongRead MoreTardiness: High School and Copyright1848 Words   |  8 PagesA. Background of the Study Tardiness has already become a habit of the high school students of Manresa school. Most of them come to school, attend their classes and scheduled appointments not on time. They all have their own reasons; traffic, working slow, waking up late, etc. Most of the students in Manresa School, are even residents of BF Homes. Some are even residing in the Manresa Village, and still, they are arriving late. They are residents who have been probably living in the villageRead MoreStudent Body At Capital Middle School1075 Words   |  5 Pagessecondary school aged, African Americans, residing in urban areas are the majorities that are in dire need of immediate Cognitive Behavior interventions within Baton Rouge (E. Stephens, personal communication, August 28, 2015). They are at risk of dropping out of school, experimenting with alcohol and substance abuse, smoking, and institutionalization due to disruptive behaviors and chronic absenteeism. My current internship, Communities In School s (CIS) located within Capital Middle School, Baton RougeRead MoreArgumentative Essay On School Start Time742 Words   |  3 PagesEvery morning students in the United States feel the effects the early start time many schools have implemented. These students are lethargic and inattentive, due to the lack of sleep they are getting every night. Typically, adults see these characteristics as the result of teenagers staying up late watching Netflix or using their cell phones. Many reputable organizations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and the American Academy of Pediatrics, have researched this problem and found that teenagersRead MoreThe Impact Of Meals Breakfast Program ( Sbp )1535 Words   |  7 Pagesis the impact of providing breakfast in the classroom? â€Å"The School Breakfast Program (SBP) was established in 1966 as a two-year pilot project designed to provide categorical grants to assist schools serving breakfasts to nutritionally needy children† (United States Department of Agricutlure Food and Nutrition Program, 2013). It served over 80,000 for $573,000 in its first year, and now the federally funded program funds 89,000 schools and institutions to provide meal programs. In 2012, ten million

Comparison Between E-Business and Traditional Business Free Essays

INTRODUCTION Electronic Business (E-Business) is a perplexing practice due to the numerous aspects it involves. In today’s rapidly changing environment, organizations adopt E-Business to respond to several business drivers. The progressions of the macro-environments are creating innovative business environments, in which E-Business is considered a normal practice. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Between E-Business and Traditional Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper attempts to model the business environment and evaluate its competitive characteristics by comparing the traditional business with E-Business. Kreplin. K, et al (2000), identified â€Å"Reality† and â€Å"Virtuality† terms; these terms differentiates traditional business from E-Business. According to Kreplin. K, et al (2000), E-Business is based on a virtual (digital) business process with a virtual agent, and virtual product. Traditional Business is a physical business process with respect to the macro-environments. The macro-environment components can influence the way entrepreneurs use the internet to coordinate export businesses. Analysis of the macro-environment comprises of cultural, economic, competition, political and legal factors that affect the way business transactions are made today. CULTURAL CHALLENGES In the cultural dimension, traditional business entrepreneurs will face a major challenge. In this case, infrastructure cost is what worries traditional businesses of today. As opposed to E-businesses, online business transactions incur minimal cost (Robertson. B Sribar. V, n. d. ). Whereas, traditional businesses will have to incur a significant amount of cost in order to remain competitive in the market. This is due to the fact that there is a paradigm shift towards a more innovative market alongside the consumers. Through the report it is assured that in the long term infrastructure cost will be the key obstacle for traditional entrepreneurs as newer technological innovations take place (Robertson. B Sribar. V, n. d. ). Opposing to the traditional method of business, E-businesses also have their share of cultural challenges. Firstly, entrepreneurs will experience a change in the nature of workforce (Parreiras. F , n. d. ). According to Heerwagen. J, Kelly. K, Kampschroer. K (2010), the structure of work is now more cognitively complex, team-based, nd time pressured. This movement causes entrepreneurs to be more competitive. Secondly, there is resistance to change when an organization moves towards adopting E-business (Parreiras. F, n. d. ). In a research done by Ahmed. Z and et al. (2006), it was determined that the resistance to change will cripple the organization. Thus, it is important for the entrepreneurs to adapt to rigid cultures. ECONOMIC CHALLENGES In the aspect of economy, the natio n’s currency plays a vital role. Thus, it also poses as an obstacle for traditional businesses. In areas of importing and exporting, entrepreneurs need a mutually agreed upon currency (e. g. U. S dollar) due to different payment methods. Furthermore, being sensitive towards exchange rates of currencies is vital as it will affect the buying decisions (Kavas. F, 2011). As compared to E-business transactions, the fluctuation in currency is harder to depict; thus, becoming a challenge for traditional businesses. On the other hand, E-businesses also experiences economic challenges. Firstly, the free entry into the digital market will be a problem for entrepreneurs. As there are minimal barriers to entry, it would mean that E-businesses are operating in a highly competitive market whereby competitive advantage is almost impossible as highlighted by M. Hassan E. Harris (2007). With this tight competition among entrepreneurs the issue of imitation of products will arise. As described in the related research paper, it was revealed that a massive amount of imitation took place as it was a cost effective method to most entrepreneurs. Therefore, it becomes an obstacle for E-business entrepreneurs. COMPETITION When it comes to traditional businesses, entrepreneurs will definitely face competition. One major factor that entrepreneurs have to consider while exporting their products is the difference in time zones. An article written by Henricks. M (2006) explains that the time zone differences will cause a lot of difficulty in terms of decision making, planning shipment, organizing logistics and more. As opposed to E-business, E-business have online softwares that enables smooth communication through digital platforms regardless of time zone differences. For E-business entrepreneurs, the first challenge here is the difficulty to obtain capital large enough for any ventures. This includes the research and development needed for the product. In the report â€Å"Managing Worldwide operations Communications with Information Technology† (2007), it was highlighted that many venture capitalist will incur higher risk with large sums of capital. This is because there is high uncertainty of success for entrepreneurs to compete in an open market environment. In addition, another factor arises which is also known to be labour market exuberance. This is described as an irrational competition that arose with the increasing need of technical skills (e. g. software programming). Therefore, firms will likely experience a short supply of skilled workers (Wright. P Lee. D , 2000). POLITICAL LEGAL CHALLENGES In the area of political and legal, there is a major concern of the country’s policy for traditional businesses. Entrepreneurs need to abide by both the local and the other country’s laws and regulations while selecting to export goods over. This is due to several laws are made according to the country’s culture and beliefs (Kavas. F, 2011). For instance, products that contain pork are restricted in Islamic countries due to their religious beliefs. Apart from that, there is an essential concern of the security and privacy of E-businesses (Parreiras. F, n. d. ). A research on â€Å"Security and Trust in E-Business† by Valmurugan,M. S (2009) discussed the unawareness of E-business transactions and the degree of confidentiality of E-business transactions. Without the trust of consumers, entrepreneurs in the E-business line will be facing serious competition to obtain their share of the market. Another major concern is the government regulations. The government needs to play a role to protect the consumers against unfair and deceptive trading especially when it comes to Internet banking (Kay. A, Hafeez. K Siddiqi. J, n. d. ). Therefore, this would become a small obstacle for E-business entrepreneurs as they need to adhere closely to government policies. CONCLUSION This research paper covered numeral aspects of traditional businesses and E-businesses with respect to the macro-environmental challenges faced by the entrepreneurs. Because we live in a rapid changing environment, businesses will continuously face multiple challenges. The traditional way of business may have been successful in the past, but now is the time for change. E-business enables organizations to reach global markets; thus, crossing borders with less restraint from trade barriers. Evidently illustrated by Fleenor. C Raven. P (n. d. ), the adoption rate of internet is growing tremendously and that governments of international countries recognises such growth; hence, promoting it as well within their country (e. . E-government). Although there may be areas that E-business is a challenging area to pursue; however, without such obstacles businesses will never revolutionalize. Therefore, it goes to show how businesses have evolved over the decades. Business entrepreneurs need to be more innovative as traditional business will soon be uncompetitive. 1,111 words Reference List Ahmed, Z. et al. (2006)  RESISTANCE TO CHANGE AND ERP IMPLEMENTATI ON SUCCESS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES. [online] Available at: http://web. usm. my/aamj/11. . 2006/AAMJ%2011-2-1. pdf [Accessed: 26/9/2012]. Fleenor,, C. and Raven, P. (n. d. )  Barriers To Effective E-Business In Developing Countries. [online] Available at: http://www. google. com. my/url? sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2cad=rjaved=0CC0QFjABurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcluteonline. com%2Fjournals%2Findex. php%2FIBER%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F3912%2F3957ei=dTRlULXHAcnlrAeTuICgDgusg=AFQjCNFo3MqMmHHbqbtHGpyGH9MPiLUQhAsig2=NnGIv4mCofIkSx211W9PVw [Accessed: 28/9/2012]. Hassan, M. and Harris, E. 2009)  Entrepreneurship and innovation in e-commerce  . [online] Available at: http://www. journalamme. org/papers_vol32_1/32114. pdf [Accessed: 25/9/2012]. Heerwagen, J. et al. (2010)  The Changing Nature of Organizations, Work, and Workplace. [online] Available at: http://www. wbdg. org/resources/chngorgwork. php [Accessed: 26/9/2012]. HENRICKS,M . (2006)  How Time Zones Aff ect Global Businesses. [online] Available at: http://www. entrepreneur. com/article/160228 [Accessed: 28/9/2012]. Kay, A. et al. (n. d. )  AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE KEY DRIVERS AND How to cite Comparison Between E-Business and Traditional Business, Essay examples

Product Development Management

Summary For any manufacturing industry to make any meaningful success in the competitive market, proper management of the new product development process, is a must to ensure the correct products are rolled to the market at the right time at a reasonable cost otherwise the industry has to make losses. Production is a multi-factorial process involving much planning and management which must be done with the aim of maximizing product fit with market need, shorten development process, and minimize development costs.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Product Development Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Maximizing Customer’s Needs Maximizing customer’s needs ought to be the first priority and this must be achieved with extensive market study and research. This will enable delivery of not only customer requirements but also at an affordable price. Apple’s Newton Message Pad failed due to failure to meet customer’s need while on the other hand Phillips failed due to production of both very sophisticated and expensive product. Massive losses can be minimized by cutting down on development time society that the products hit the market at the optimum time neither too early nor too late. Bringing products to the market brings customer loyalty and early market capture while late entry may find that market has already been taken. In addition production costs are likely to be cut in the process though rushing may compromise on quality of the products. The whole process of development must be both effective and efficient for profit maximization. Product development Product development takes place in stages which may occur either sequentially or concurrently and it is the work of production managers to make sure that product design, concept development and manufacturing in every stage is coordinated for optimum results and also for early detection of flaws or feasibili ty. Project championing is important in that project managers can take the challenges and responsibility of the project. Project managers are better positioned to integrate communication and cooperation from different branches and levels of production. They can provide the drive and the motivation needed to take the risk in the project. However precaution must be taken to ensure that too optimistic managers do not push projects further into losses even when it is evident the project is failing. Development process will bear much result if both customers and suppliers are involved in the development process. Most manufacturing industries involve customers in the manufacturing process by releasing semi finished or beta products to access the response of the customers. Suppliers are also involved in order to make sure that different supplies are incorporated in the manufacturing process whilst at the same time checking on timeliness and cost. Improving new product development process c an be made through techniques such as stage gate processes whereby the viability of the whole project is rigorously checked at every level. Design for manufacturing involves techniques such as making of prototypes, use of Computer-aided design (CAD) to build and test new design before the actual manufacturing. Computer aided manufacturing enhances quality product manufacturing by use of computer controlled automated production.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Measuring new product development performance is important in ensuring that the goals previously set are actually met and making timely corrections when the need arises. By use of various product development process metrics different dimensions of the firm’s potential to complete a given project successfully as per previously set targets are analyzed. All this concepts, stages and processes are import ant in ensuring effective new product development process. This report on Product Development Management was written and submitted by user Shang-Chi to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.